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Microbial self-healing of cracks in cement-based materials and its influencing factors

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0986-6

摘要： Cement-based materials are brittle and crack easily under natural conditions. Cracks can reduce service life because the transport of harmful substances can cause corrosion damage to the structures. This review discusses the feasibility of using microbial self-healing agents for crack healing. Tubular and spherical carriers can be used to load microbial self-healing agents and protect microbes, which prolongs the self-healing time. The area self-healing ratio, permeability, mechanical strength, precipitation depth method, numerical modeling, and ultrasonic method can be employed to identify the self-healing effect of cracks. Moreover, the self-healing mechanism is systematically analyzed. The results showed that microbial self-healing agents can repair cracks in cement-based materials in underground projects and dam gates. The difficulties and future development of self-healing cracks were analyzed. A microbial self-healing agent was embedded in the cement-based material, which automatically repaired the developing cracks. With the development of intelligent building materials, self-healing cracks have become the focus of attention.

关键词： cement-based materials cracks microbial self-healing agent mechanism intelligent building materials

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Influence of envelope insulation materials on building energy consumption

Junlan YANG, Jiabao TANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 575-581 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0473-7

摘要： In this paper, the influence of different external wall insulation materials on the energy consumption of a newly built apartment in Germany is investigated. Three types of insulation materials commonly used in Germany including mineral fiber, polyurethane, and vacuum insulation panel are chosen for the case studies. An energy analysis model is established to clarify the primary energy use for production of the insulation materials and for building space heating. The calculation results show that the energy consumption for insulation material production increases with the insulation thickness, whereas the energy use for space heating decreases with the insulation thickness. Thus, there exists an optimum thickness to get the lowest total energy consumption for each kind of insulation material. The ascending order of the total energy consumption of the three materials is mineral fiber, polyurethane, and vacuum insulation panel. However, the optimum insulation thicknesses for the three insulation materials show a verse order at a certain heat transfer coefficient of the base envelope. The energy payback time (EPT) is proposed to calculate the payback time of the primary energy use for insulation material production. Mineral fiber has the shortest time, followed by polyurethane and vacuum insulation panel. The EPTS is 10, 19 and 21 years, respectively when the heat transfer coefficient of the base envelope is 0.2 W/(m ·K). In addition, the simulated results show that the theoretical value and the simulated value are basically identical.

关键词： building envelope insulation materials energy consumption payback time

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建材行业工业软件发展研究

胡雅涵 ,寇贞贞 ,江源 ,谭东杰,李安朋 ,袁英敏,万佳艺 ,辛宇

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第4期页码 177-187 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.04.012

摘要：研发设计类

建材行业常用的研发设计软件有分子动力模拟软件（Lammps）、材料模拟软件（Materials Studio）、玻璃窑炉模拟软件（GFM）、流体仿真软件（Ansys CFD）

Corresponding author:Jiang Yuan is a professor-level senior engineer from BuildingMaterials Industry Information Center.

关键词：建材行业工业软件产业瓶颈智能制造

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Building information modeling based on intelligent parametric technology

ZENG Xudong, TAN Jie

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 367-370 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0049-4

摘要： In order to push the information organization process of the building industry, promote sustainable architectural design and enhance the competitiveness of China’s building industry, the author studies building information modeling (BIM) based on intelligent parametric modeling technology. Building information modeling is a new technology in the field of computer aided architectural design, which contains not only geometric data, but also the great amount of engineering data throughout the lifecycle of a building. The author also compares BIM technology with two-dimensional CAD technology, and demonstrates the advantages and characteristics of intelligent parametric modeling technology. Building information modeling, which is based on intelligent parametric modeling technology, will certainly replace traditional computer aided architectural design and become the new driving force to push forward China s building industry in this information age.

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Digital twin-enabled smart facility management: A bibliometric review

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0254-4

摘要： In recent years, the architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management (FM) industries have been applying various emerging digital technologies to facilitate the design, construction, and management of infrastructure facilities. Digital twin (DT) has emerged as a solution for enabling real-time data acquisition, transfer, analysis, and utilization for improved decision-making toward smart FM. Substantial research on DT for FM has been undertaken in the past decade. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of the literature on DT for FM. A total of 248 research articles are obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. VOSviewer is then utilized to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualize keyword co-occurrence, citation, and co-authorship networks; furthermore, the research topics, authors, sources, and countries contributing to the use of DT for FM are identified. The findings show that the current research of DT in FM focuses on building information modeling-based FM, artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive maintenance, real-time cyber–physical system data integration, and facility lifecycle asset management. Several areas, such as AI-based real-time asset prognostics and health management, virtual-based intelligent infrastructure monitoring, deep learning-aided continuous improvement of the FM systems, semantically rich data interoperability throughout the facility lifecycle, and autonomous control feedback, need to be further studied. This review contributes to the body of knowledge on digital transformation and smart FM by identifying the landscape, state-of-the-art research trends, and future needs with regard to DT in FM.

关键词： digital twin building information modeling facility management semantic interoperability artificial intelligence intelligent monitoring autonomous control feedback

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智能楼宇远程监控系统的数据交互研究

段敬民, 王英, 宋永恒, 常辉

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第8期页码 73-75

摘要：

楼宇的智能化体现了智能在楼宇控制中的应用，合理采用控制方法对建筑的智能化有着更高的保障，同时也带来了个性化。主要讨论了在远程控制智能楼宇中分布式技术交互的理论，并构造了一个高效的分布式控制网络数据交互服务端。

关键词：智能楼宇数据接口分布式 Web Service

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建材非金属矿产资源强国战略研究

顾真安,同继锋,崔源声,彭寿,苏桂军,周洪锦,冯惠敏,赵飞,田桂萍,孟庆洁,洪伟

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第1期页码 104-112 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.01.015

摘要：

本文研究我国主要建材产品生产所用的水泥灰岩、玻璃用硅质原料、建筑卫生陶瓷用黏土矿原料（高岭土）、高纯石英和石墨五种非金属矿产资源的强国建设战略，确定建材非金属矿产资源发展的战略思路与目标，指出加强矿区规划与保护、建设供应示范基地和标准原料基地、加快推进战略性资源储备制度等重点任务，提出设立矿产资源强国建设领导小组、完善矿产资源原料产品标准体系建设、加强人才培养体系建设、加强矿产资源法律法规制定与实施等保障措施。

关键词：建材强国战略水泥灰岩玻璃用硅质原料建筑卫生陶瓷用黏土矿原料（高岭土）高纯石英石墨

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新材料研发智能化技术发展研究

宿彦京,杨明理,祝伟丽,周科朝,薛德祯,汪洪 ,谢建新

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第3期页码 161-169 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.015

摘要：

新材料研发智能化技术发展迅速，显著增强材料研发效率及工程化应用水平，获得国际性的高度关注；我国在此领域发展相对滞后，基础设施条件面临缺口，制约着新材料原始创新及产业发展质量。本文总结了新材料研发智能化涉及的关键技术，从技术角度梳理了国内外发展现状，分析了我国新材料研发智能化面临的挑战；阐述了新材料研发智能化技术体系框架，包括材料智能计算设计技术与核心软件、材料自主 / 智能实验技术与高端装置、材料人工智能基础算法及关键技术、材料数字孪生、材料智能化研发平台与协同创新网络等。提出了创新生态构建及保障、产业化发展环境、数据底座与标准体系、人才培养与国际合作方面的举措建议，以期推动新材料研发智能化技术体系的发展与应用。

关键词：新材料；人工智能；自主实验；智能计算；材料大数据

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高端新材料智能制造的发展机遇与方向

孙宝德,疏达,付华栋,汪东红,彭立明,王新云,朱言言,王华明,丁文江,谢建新

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第3期页码 152-160 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.014

摘要：

发展智能制造是我国制造业创新升级的主攻方向，高端新材料是支撑高端装备和重大工程需求的核心材料，推动智能制造与高端新材料制造紧密结合，对提升高端新材料制造能力，满足重大装备对高端新材料的需求，具有重要意义。本文深入分析了高端新材料智能制造的必要性，在分析面向高端新材料的高性能制造、复杂构件的整体化与轻量化制造、高端构件的一体化与低成本绿色制造等特征基础上，总结了传统“试错法”研发模式在材料制造领域遇到的主要问题与挑战，分析了数据驱动的高端新材料智能制造研发模式带来的重大变革与机遇，并以材料智能加工成形为例，全面梳理了亟需发展的共性关键技术及其发展方向。本文从加强关键技术研究、构建创新体系、创新学科交叉人才培养和加快成果转化等方面，提出了加快发展高端新材料智能制造的对策建议，以缩短与国外先进水平的差距，支撑我国材料产业的升级换代和跨越式发展。

关键词：高端新材料；智能制造；材料加工；集成计算；大数据；人工智能

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高分子材料的智能制造平台——高分子材料基因工程 Perspective

高梁, 王立权, 林嘉平, 杜磊

《工程（英文）》 2023年第27卷第8期页码 31-36 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.01.018

摘要：

高性能高分子材料是高新科技和先进制造业的基石。高分子材料基因工程正在成为高分子材料智能制造的重要平台。然而，高分子材料基因工程的发展仍处于起步阶段，许多问题亟待解决。本文阐述了高分子材料基因工程的概念，总结了最新研究成果，并强调了该领域的重要挑战和发展前景。特别强调了高分子材料的性能预估方法，包括性能代理量预测和机器学习性能预测。最后，讨论了高分子材料基因工程在先进复合材料、通信和集成电路等领域所亟需的高性能高分子材料创制方面的潜在工程应用前景。

关键词：高分子材料材料基因组方法机器学习性能预测理性设计

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Innovation Ecosystem for Green Smart City Building in China

Jin Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 325-330 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015058

摘要： Green Smart City (GSC), is one of the new types of cities which integrates eco-concepts and information technologies. As GSC construction is a resource intensive process, it requires a large amount of knowledge, information, talent and capital. Thus, setting up an innovation ecosystem is an astute way to promote the construction of a GSC. This paper, based on the case study by the Insigma Group, tries to explore the rules of innovation ecosystem building for the construction of GSCs in China.

关键词： green smart city resource innovation ecosystem building

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Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 2-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0023-z

摘要： Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.

关键词： building energy use lifestyle and technology residential building commercial building rural building

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Impact of climate change on building heating energy consumption in Tianjin

Cao XIANG, Zhe TIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 518-524 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0261-y

摘要： This paper investigated the variation of building heating energy consumption caused by global warming in Tianjin, China. Based on the hourly historical and monthly projected future (B1/A1B emissions scenarios) meteorological data, the variation of those relevant meteorological parameters was first analyzed. A TRNSYS simulation model for a reference building was introduced to investigate historical variation of office building energy consumption. The results showed that the 10-year-average heating energy consumption of 2001–2010 had reduced by 16.1% compared to that of 1961–1970. By conducting principal component analysis and regression analysis, future variation of building heating load was studied. For B1/A1B emissions scenarios, the multi-year-average heating load was found to decrease by 9.7% (18.1%)/10.2% (22.7%) compared to that of 1971–2010 by 2011–2050 (2051–2100).

关键词： global warming office building heating energy consumption

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Facility managers’ perceptions on building performance assessment

Rafaela BORTOLINI, Núria FORCADA

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 324-333 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018010

摘要：

During the operational phase, building performance may decrease in various areas, so that the end users’ requirements are no longer met. Consequently, indicators are useful to assess and improve the performance of existing buildings. In this study, we carried out a literature review and organized a focus group with facility management experts to gather and analyze facility managers’ perceptions on operational indicators that could be used to assess the performance of buildings. The results revealed that the core indicators used to measure a building’s operational performance are related to safety and assets working properly, health and comfort, space functionality, and energy performance. The findings also revealed that these indicators can be obtained from three sources: a) facility managers/operators, who carry out corrective maintenance and perform technical inspections, b) regular users, who report complaints and fill-in satisfaction questionnaires, and c) sporadic users, who also fill-in satisfaction questionnaires. These indicators and their sources can contribute to a better analysis of building performance and the definition of measures to improve performance during the operational phase of a building.

关键词： building performance facility management non-residential buildings

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Machine learning in building energy management: A critical review and future directions

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第2期页码 239-256 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0181-1

摘要： Over the past two decades, machine learning (ML) has elicited increasing attention in building energy management (BEM) research. However, the boundary of the ML-BEM research has not been clearly defined, and no thorough review of ML applications in BEM during the whole building life-cycle has been published. This study aims to address this gap by reviewing the ML-BEM papers to ascertain the status of this research area and identify future research directions. An integrated framework of ML-BEM, composed of four layers and a series of driving factors, is proposed. Then, based on the hype cycle model, this paper analyzes the current development status of ML-BEM and tries to predict its future development trend. Finally, five research directions are discussed: (1) the behavioral impact on BEM, (2) the integration management of renewable energy, (3) security concerns of ML-BEM, (4) extension to other building life-cycle phases, and (5) the focus on fault detection and diagnosis. The findings of this study are believed to provide useful references for future research on ML-BEM.

关键词： building energy management machine learning integrated framework knowledge evolution